A study to assess the effectiveness of a Planned Teaching Programme (PTP) on knowledge regarding selected obstetric drugs among the 3^rd year B.Sc. nursing students of selected college of nursing Mangalore

Selinamma Devasia (Sr. Dhanya)

Associate Professor, Athena College of Nursing, Mangalore.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: devasiasrdhanya@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

The constant advances in the field of drug therapy, the daily appearances of new drugs, or new indications, side effects of old or existing drugs are challenges to both the students and practitioners. There are various drugs that are used during the pregnancy cycle. “Oxytocics” are the drugs of varying chemical nature that have the power to excite contractions of the uterine muscles. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding selected obstetric drugs among 3^rd year B. Sc. nursing students of selected College of Nursing, Mangalore. Methodology: A pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used for the study. The study was conducted at selected College of Nursing Mangalore. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 35 student nurses. On the first day, pre-test was conducted to assess the knowledge of 3^rd year B. Sc. nursing students on selected obstetric drugs using a structured knowledge questionnaire. This was followed by the administration of a planned teaching programme through lecture-cum-discussion with the use of LCD. On the 7^th day post-test was conducted using the same knowledge questionnaire to assess the knowledge on selected obstetric drugs. Results: The result of the study showed that the pre-test knowledge score regarding selected obstetric drugs ranged between 16-28 with the pre-test mean of 23.06 whereas the post-test score ranged between 28-48 with a mean of 38.77. The mean difference (17.51) between the post-test and pre-test knowledge score was found to be significant (t₃₄=2.03). Interpretation and conclusion: The findings of the study concluded the planned teaching programme is effective in improving the knowledge of the students regarding selected obstetric drugs.

KEYWORDS: Effectiveness; knowledge level; obstetric drugs; Oxytocin; Magnesium sulphate; Duvadilan; Methergin; Planned Teaching Programme.

INTRODUCTION:

It is not only unethical to prescriber, or administer any drug without knowing its pharmacology, but it is one of the highest risk tasks a nurse can take and mishaps can lead to devastating consequences for the patient and for the nurse’s career.¹ Knowledge of medications used in pregnancy and labour is highly essential for staff nurses in clinical settings.² Knowledge about uterine physiology helps the midwife to understand the action of drugs in pregnancy.³ Knowledge of the difference and similarities of drugs is essential for safe and effective care of woman and foetus. Statistical data shows that adverse drug reactions are fourth common cause of death accounting for more than 1,00,000 deaths per year in the United State, whereas in India 4,00,000 deaths are due to adverse drug reaction and 72,00,000 adverse events are reported per annum.⁴ Thorough understanding of the dose, indications, contraindications, route of administration, and side effects of the drug will increase the odds of a positive outcome for both mother and foetus.⁵

OBJECTIVES:

1. To assess pre-test and post-test level of knowledge among 3^rd year B. Sc. nursing students regarding selected obstetric drugs as measured by a structured knowledge questionnaire.

2. To evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on selected obstetric drugs in terms of gain in mean post-test knowledge score.

HYPOTHESIS:

H₁: The mean post-test knowledge score of the students will be significantly higher than their mean pre-test knowledge at 0.05 level of significance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used for the study. The data collection date, time, and place were confirmed after discussing and obtaining permission from the Principal and class coordinator. On 13.7.2015, at 3.15 p.m., thirty-five third year B. Sc. nursing students who met the inclusion criteria were selected by lottery method. The purpose of the study was explained to the students to ensure their cooperation and prompt answers. Confidentiality was assured to all subjects. The pre-test was carried out using the structured knowledge questionnaire which contained information on fifty items on Oxytocin, Magnesium sulphate, Duvadilan and Methergin in the classroom and the average time taken was 15 minutes. The PTP was administered from 3.30 p.m. to 4.45 p.m. The post-test was conducted on 21.7.2015 at 8.45 a.m., using the same knowledge questionnaire. All student nurses cooperated well with the investigator during the data collection period. The collected data were compiled for data analysis.

RESULTS:

Section I: Knowledge level of students regarding selected obstetric drugs

The knowledge level of 35 third years B. Sc. nursing students was assessed using a structured knowledge questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics as represented in Table 1 and Figure 1.

Table 1: Frequency and percentage of distribution of pre-test and post-test knowledge of students n=35

Level of knowledge

Score

Pre-test

Post-test

Frequency

Percentage

Frequency

Percentage

Poor

Average

good

<25

26-39

40-50

68.57

31.43

0.00

48.57

51.43

Figure 1: Bar diagram representing the pre-test and post-test knowledge score of nursing students

Difference between the mean pre-test and post lest knowledge score

Table 2: Range, mean, mean percentage and standard derision of pre-test and post lest knowledge score n=35

Knowledge level

Range

Mean±SD

Mean percentage

Pre-test

Post-test

16-28

28-48

23.06±4.10

38.77±6.51

46.12

77.50

Maximum score=50

Table 3: Significant difference between the mean pre-test and post-test knowledge score n=35

Group

Mean

Mean difference

SD of difference

‘t’ value

Inference

Pre-test

Post-test

23.06

38.77

15.71

2.409

12.085

Significant

t₃₄=2.03, p<0.05 significant

Section II: Effectiveness of PTP in terms of gain in mean post-test knowledge score:

In order to find the significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge score paired ‘t’ test was computed and the data is presented in the following table.

The data in Table 3 shows that the mean post-test knowledge score (38.77) was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (23.06). The computed ‘t’ value is higher than the table value, hence the null hypothesis is rejected and research hypothesis is accepted.

DISCUSSION:

The findings of the present study showed that planned teaching programme was effective in improving the knowledge of 3^rd year B. Sc. nursing students regarding selected obstetric drugs. The findings were statistically significant at 0.05 level (t₃₄=2.05, p<0.05).The findings of the present study are consistent with the findings of other studies and strongly support the effectiveness of planned teaching programme in improving the knowledge.^{6,7, 8}

REFERENCE:

1. Sarkar PK. Pharmacology and irrational drugs. Health Action 2004 Mar; 12(5):15-9.

2. Basavanthappa BT. Essentials of midwifery and obstetrical nursing. New Delhi; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; 2011.

3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/midwifery

4. Potter PA, Perry AG. Fundamentals of nursing concepts, process, and practice. 4^th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Yearbook; 1997.

5. Devane D, Berg M, Benstoem C, Dencker A, Gross MM. Outcome measures in studies on the use of oxytocin for the treatment of delay in labour. [online]. 2014 [cited 2014 Jun]. Available from: URL:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.

6. Mathew. Effectiveness of PTP on knowledge and practice of endotracheal suctioning among staff nurses in different intensive care units of selected hospitals in Mangalore. Unpublished M. Sc. nursing thesis submitted to RGUHS, Bangalore; 2003.

7. D’Souza LSM. Effectiveness of PTP on pre-eclampsia for primigravida women in selected community of Mangalore. Unpublished M. Sc. nursing thesis submitted to RGUHS, Bangalore.

8. Singh S. Effectiveness of STP on knowledge and practice related to hand washing technique among food handlers. Nursing Journal of India 2005; 25:10-2.

Received on 08.07.2020 Modified on 14.08.2020

Int. J. of Advances in Nur. Management. 2021; 9(1):1-3.

DOI: 10.5958/2454-2652.2021.00001.9